求条码识别的理论资料

小弟想研究一下条码（包括二维码和一维码）的原理，比如，如何进行条码的目标检测，图像分割，最后如何识别的
不知道哪位大神能介绍一点资料或者源码？
小弟不胜感激

这个是HALCON10.0的代码，你可以参考下：

1. * Example program for the usage of the bar code
   
2. * reader autodiscrimination feature of HALCON.
   
3. *
   
4. * Create bar code reader model
   
5. create_bar_code_model ([], [], BarCodeHandle)
   
6. *
   
7. * Initialization
   
8. dev_update_var ('off')
   
9. dev_update_pc ('off')
   
10. dev_update_window ('off')
    
11. dev_close_window ()
    
12. dev_open_window (0, 0, 512, 512, 'black', WindowHandle)
    
13. set_display_font (WindowHandle, 14, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
    
14. dev_set_draw ('margin')
    
15. dev_set_line_width (3)
    
16. dev_set_color ('forest green')
    
17. *
    
18. * Define the example images to use
    
19. ExampleImagesAny := ['barcode/ean13/ean1301', 'barcode/code39/code3901', 'barcode/rss14/rss14_01']
    
20. ExampleImagesAmbiguous := ['barcode/mixed/barcode_mixed_01']
    
21. ExampleImagesMixed := ['barcode/mixed/barcode_mixed_04', 'barcode/mixed/barcode_mixed_03',   'barcode/mixed/barcode_mixed_01']
    
22. *
    
23. * Use autodiscrimination to decode any of the bar code types
    
24. * supported by HALCON (except PharmaCode) or determine the bar
    
25. * code type of unknown bar codes
    
26. for IdxExample := 0 to 1 by 1
    
27.     dev_clear_window ()
    
28.     if (IdxExample = 0)
    
29.         CodeTypes := 'auto'
    
30.         Message := 'Usage of autodiscrimination to decode'
    
31.         Message[1] := 'unknown bar code types.'
    
32.         Message[2] := 'In the first run we use CodeType=\''+CodeTypes+'\' to look'
    
33.         Message[3] := 'for all bar code types known to HALCON'
    
34.         disp_message (WindowHandle, Message, 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
    
35.         disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
    
36.         stop ()
    
37.     else
    
38.         CodeTypes := ['EAN-13','Code 39','RSS-14']
    
39.         Message := 'In the second run we look for the expected types only:'
    
40.         Message[1] := sum('  ' + CodeTypes)
    
41.         Message[2] := 'This reduces the decoding time and'
    
42.         Message[3] := 'increases the decoding reliability.'
    
43.         disp_message (WindowHandle, Message, 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
    
44.         disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
    
45.         stop ()
    
46.     endif
    
47.     for IdxIma := 0 to |ExampleImagesAny|-1 by 1
    
48.         FileName := ExampleImagesAny[IdxIma]
    
49.         read_image (Image, FileName)
    
50.         *
    
51.         * Set display defaults
    
52.         get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
    
53.         dev_set_window_extents (-1, -1, Width, Height)
    
54.         dev_display (Image)
    
55.         disp_message (WindowHandle, ['Looking for bar code(s) of type:', sum(' ' + CodeTypes)], 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
    
56.         *
    
57.         * Find and decode bar codes. Measure the time needed.
    
58.         count_seconds (Start)
    
59.         find_bar_code (Image, SymbolRegions, BarCodeHandle, CodeTypes, DecodedDataStrings)
    
60.         count_seconds (Stop)
    
61.         Duration := (Stop - Start) * 1000
    
62.         *
    
63.         * Display results and the time needed
    
64.         dev_display (SymbolRegions)
    
65.         get_bar_code_result (BarCodeHandle, 'all', 'decoded_types', DecodedDataTypes)
    
66.         disp_message (WindowHandle, ['Found bar code(s) in ' + Duration
    
67. 
    
68. 3.0f' + 'ms:',' Type: ' + DecodedDataTypes + '\n Data: ' + DecodedDataStrings], 'window', 5*12, 12, 'forest green', 'true')
    
69.         disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
    
70.         stop ()
    
71.     endfor
    
72. endfor
    
73. *
    
74. *
    
75. * Autodiscrimination can be used to decode multiple bar code
    
76. * types within one image at once.
    
77. *
    
78. * First we demonstrate that the bar code types list
    
79. * should be confined whenever possible.
    
80. *
    
81. * Display information for the user:
    
82. Message := 'If you have a list of bar code types that'
    
83. Message[1] := 'you want to decode, you should supply only those'
    
84. Message[2] := 'types to the bar code reader. In the following,'
    
85. Message[3] := 'it is demonstrated that otherwise a wrong bar code'
    
86. Message[4] := 'could be decoded (here: UPC-E Add-On 2)'
    
87. dev_clear_window ()
    
88. disp_message (WindowHandle, Message, 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
    
89. disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
    
90. stop ()
    
91. *
    
92. * For demonstration purposes we scan here, among others,
    
93. * for UPC codes, too.
    
94. CodeTypes := ['auto']
    
95. *
    
96. * Demonstrate autodiscrimination for mixed bar code types
    
97. for IdxIma := 0 to |ExampleImagesAmbiguous|-1 by 1
    
98.     FileName := ExampleImagesAmbiguous[IdxIma]
    
99.     read_image (Image, FileName)
    
100.     *
     
101.     * Display image and description
     
102.     get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
     
103.     dev_set_window_extents (-1, -1, Width/2, Height/2)
     
104.     dev_display (Image)
     
105.     disp_message (WindowHandle, ['Looking for bar code(s) of type:', sum(' ' + CodeTypes)], 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
     
106.     *
     
107.     * Decode mixed bar codes
     
108.     find_bar_code (Image, SymbolRegions, BarCodeHandle, CodeTypes, DecodedDataStrings)
     
109.     *
     
110.     * Display decoded data and symbol region
     
111.     get_bar_code_result (BarCodeHandle, 'all', 'decoded_types', DecodedDataTypes)
     
112.     area_center (SymbolRegions, Area, Rows, Columns)
     
113.     for IdxResult := 0 to |DecodedDataStrings|-1 by 1
     
114.         if (regexp_test (DecodedDataTypes[IdxResult], 'UPC.*') # 0)
     
115.             Color := 'red'
     
116.         else
     
117.             Color := 'forest green'
     
118.         endif
     
119.         dev_set_color (Color)
     
120.         select_obj (SymbolRegions, SelectedRegion, IdxResult+1)
     
121.         dev_display (SelectedRegion)
     
122.         disp_message (WindowHandle, DecodedDataTypes[IdxResult]+': '+DecodedDataStrings[IdxResult], 'image', Rows[IdxResult], Columns[IdxResult]-160, Color, 'true')
     
123.     endfor
     
124.     disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
     
125.     stop ()
     
126. endfor
     
127. *
     
128. *
     
129. * Now we decode multiple bar code types correctly
     
130. *
     
131. MixedScanAllExceptRSS_UPC := false
     
132. if (MixedScanAllExceptRSS_UPC)
     
133.     *
     
134.     * We could scan for all bar codes except certain bar code
     
135.     * families...
     
136.     get_param_info ('find_bar_code', 'CodeType', 'value_list', AllCodeTypes)
     
137.     NoRSS := '~'+regexp_select (AllCodeTypes, 'RSS.*')
     
138.     NoUPC := '~'+regexp_select (AllCodeTypes, 'UPC.*')
     
139.     CodeTypes := ['auto', NoRSS, NoUPC]
     
140.     CodeTypesDescription := 'auto, ~RSS*, ~UPC*'
     
141. else
     
142.     *
     
143.     * ...or (as we do here) scan only for the EAN family and
     
144.     * Code 39
     
145.     get_param_info ('find_bar_code', 'CodeType', 'value_list', AllCodeTypes)
     
146.     AllEAN := regexp_select (AllCodeTypes, 'EAN.*')
     
147.     CodeTypes := [AllEAN, 'Code 39']
     
148.     CodeTypesDescription := 'EAN-13*, EAN-8*, Code 39'
     
149. endif
     
150. *
     
151. * Display information for the user
     
152. Message := 'Now we demonstrate the usage of'
     
153. Message[1] := 'autodiscrimination to decode multiple'
     
154. Message[2] := 'mixed bar code types within one image.'
     
155. dev_clear_window ()
     
156. disp_message (WindowHandle, Message, 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
     
157. disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
     
158. stop ()
     
159. *
     
160. * Demonstrate autodiscrimination for mixed bar code types
     
161. for IdxIma := 0 to |ExampleImagesMixed|-1 by 1
     
162.     FileName := ExampleImagesMixed[IdxIma]
     
163.     read_image (Image, FileName)
     
164.     *
     
165.     * Display image and description
     
166.     get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
     
167.     dev_set_window_extents (-1, -1, Width/2, Height/2)
     
168.     dev_display (Image)
     
169.     disp_message (WindowHandle, ['Looking for bar code(s) of type:', ' ' + CodeTypesDescription], 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
     
170.     *
     
171.     * Decode mixed bar codes
     
172.     find_bar_code (Image, SymbolRegions, BarCodeHandle, CodeTypes, DecodedDataStrings)
     
173.     *
     
174.     * Display decoded data and symbol region
     
175.     dev_set_color ('forest green')
     
176.     dev_display (SymbolRegions)
     
177.     get_bar_code_result (BarCodeHandle, 'all', 'decoded_types', DecodedDataTypes)
     
178.     area_center (SymbolRegions, Area, Rows, Columns)
     
179.     for IdxResult := 0 to |DecodedDataStrings|-1 by 1
     
180.         disp_message (WindowHandle, DecodedDataTypes[IdxResult]+': '+DecodedDataStrings[IdxResult], 'image', Rows[IdxResult], Columns[IdxResult]-160, 'forest green', 'true')
     
181.     endfor
     
182.     if (IdxIma # |ExampleImagesMixed|-1)
     
183.         disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
     
184.         stop ()
     
185.     endif
     
186. endfor
     
187. *
     
188. * Close the bar code reader
     
189. clear_bar_code_model (BarCodeHandle)

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这些都是halcon封装好的接口和调用了，没有原理性的内容呀
大神们，有原理性的资料么？

關於參考資料可以試試說明中的References
例如:GS1 General Specifications; Version 12; Issue 1, Jan-2012; GS1.
希望有所幫助